Ebola - Some Key Messages

With fear of the spread of Ebola rising around the world, I think it's always helpful to reassure ourselves with the facts. So here are just some key statements (according to WHO) to keep in mind when reading the news!

1. Ebola is most infectious in the blood, feces and vomit of those infected with Ebola. Some levels have been detected in semen, urine, and breast milk. Data regarding the presence of Ebola in saliva and tears is inconclusive, and the virus may only be present in saliva during the latest stages of infection. Lastly, Ebola has never been found in human sweat.

2. Ebola is not an airborne virus, and there is no evidence to suggest that viruses can radically change their mode of transmission.

3. That being said, there is a difference between airborne viruses and viruses spread via sneezing/coughing. The term "airborne" refers to the ability of the virus to remain virulent when in suspension in the air. If someone with Ebola sneezes directly on you, that is the direct transfer of virus particles from within that patient to you via projectiles.

4. Ebola can be transmitted indirectly (i.e. touching surfaces with Ebola), although this risk is low and can be mitigated via disinfection.

I'm not saying that these statements mean that Ebola is not a threat in the United States. As was shown in Dallas, it is clear that we have the infrastructure to contain the virus, but we are at risk only when basic protocols are breached. In addition, "no evidence" does not necessarily mean it couldn't happen. After all, science has shown us crazier things before!

Just remember these facts when discussing Ebola with your friends. Knowledge is power!